atXXcXzw Fó at\mlcamb hm¡v Hcph«sa¦nepw D]tbmKn¡m ¯hcmbn B[p\nI temI¯v Bcpw DïmIm\nSbnñ. B[p\nIamb kmt¦ XnIi_vZ§fnð Cu ]Z¯n\v A{X tað kzoImcyX ssIhóncn¡póp. hnhn[ aXhàm¡fpw aXm\pIqenIfpw aXapàcpw aX\ntj[nIfpw ssZh \ntj[nIfpamb hyXykvX cmjv{Sob t\Xm¡³amcpw X§fpsS hm¡neqsS tbm {]hÀ¯\§fneqsStbm \jvSs¸ Sp¯nb klnjvWpXbpw klm\p`qXnbpw Xncn¨v ]nSn¡póXv "R§Ä atXXcXzw apdpsI ]nSn¡póhcmWv' Fóv AhImis¸«psImïmWv.

1851ð hnJymX {_n«ojv Nn´I\mb tPmÀPv tlmfntbm¡mWv (George Holyoake) BZyambn temI¯n\v apónð AhXcn¸n¨Xv. F³sskt¢m]oUnb {_n«m\n¡ Atheism (\ncoizchmZw) Fó Xes¡«nð DÄs¸Sp¯nbmWv skIypendnks¯¡pdn¨v {]Xn]mZn¡póXv. \ncoizchmZs¯ hniZoIcn¨v F³sskt¢m]oUnb {_n«m\n¡ ]dbpóp: ""{]mtbmKnI\ncoizchmZw {]tbmK¯nð ssZh\ntj[w XsóbmWv. A¯cw Hcp ZÀi\s¯ kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw ssZhaptïm Fó tNmZyw PohnX¯nsâ AÀYhpw a\pjymkvXnXz¯nsâ \ne]mSpIfpambn _Ôs¸Sp¯pt¼mÄ A{]kàamWv. ap¼v {]IrXniànItfmSv tNÀ¯v ]dª {]Xn`mk§Ä¡v imkv{Xob hniZoIcWw Isï¯nbtXmsS B[p\nI a\pjysâ "t{]X_m[sbmgnª temIw' ]ndóphoWp. AXvt]mse Xsó sshZyimkv{Xw, hnZym`ymkw, Ie XpS§nb taJeIfnð kwLSnX aX§fpsS kzm[o\w Ahkm\n¨tXmsS ssZh¯n\pw ]ctemI¯n\pw Imcyamb ]¦nñm¯ Hcp PohnXho£Ww hfÀ¯nsbSp¡m³ a\pjy³ DZypà\mbn. C¯cw Hcp PohnX ZÀi\s¯¡pdn¡m\mWv 19mw \qämïnsâ a[y¯nð skIypendnkw Fó hm¡v \nÀan¡s¸«Xv.''(1)

dn¨mÀUv tUm¡n³knsâ `qanbnse Gähpw al¯mb Zriyhnkvabw: ]cnWma¯nsâ sXfnhpIÄ Fó ]pkvXIw hnebncp¯s¸Spóp.

""a\pjyhwis¯ kw_Ôn¨ KthjW¯nð Adnbs¸« BZys¯ "a\pjy³' \nbmïÀ¯mðImc\mWv''(29) a\pjyNcn{X¯nð Hóma³ \nbmïÀ¯mð¡mc\msWóv ]dbpóXv aebmfn bpànhmZnIfpsS "]mT]pkvXIhpw, ASnØm\{KÙhp'amb bpànZÀi\amWv.(30) \nbmïÀ¯mð a\pjy³ Pohn¨Xv aqóce£w apXð Bdv e£w hÀj§Ä¡v ap¼mbncpópshómWv(31) ho¡n]oUnb ]cntim[n¨mð a\ÊnemhpI.

Bdv e£w hÀjw {]mbapïv \½psS {]]nXmals\ó AhImihmZ¯nse icnsXäpIÄ hniIe\w sN¿m\ñ \nbmïÀ¯mð a\pjys\ ChnsS sImïphóXv. tUm¡n³knsâ ]pkvXI¯nsâ cïmw A[ymb¯nsâ BZy`mKw NÀ¨ sN¿póXv ]cnWma aXs¯¡pdn¨pw hnizmks¯¡pdn¨pw UmÀhn\pap¼v F´vsImïv Bcpw Nn´n¡m³ X¿mdmbnñ FóXmWv. At±lw XpS§póXn§s\.

""UmÀhn³ cwKs¯¯m³ F´vsImïmWv C{Xbpw sshInbXv? At±l¯nsó cïp XeapdIÄ¡v ap¼v sFk¡v \yq«¬ cq]w \ðInb KWnX kn²m´§Ä cïv kl{km_vZw ap¼v BÀ¡saUokv AhXcn¸n¨ ]p¯³ Bib§ÄþChsb¡msfms¡ Zo]vXhpw efnXhpamb Hcp Bib¯nte¡v F¯nt¨cpóXnð\nópw a\pjycminsb A{XbpwImew XSªp\ndp¯nbXv F´mWv?''(32)

a\pjyNcn{X¯n\v \ðInb Bdv e£w hÀj§Ä¡nSbnðþ\mKcnIX a\pjysâ Ncn{X¯nóv Xsó Ggmbnct¯mftam AXne[nItam hÀj§fpsS {]mbapïvþtIhew 153 hÀjw ap¼v hsc HcmÄ¡pw ]cnWmasaó Bibw tXmónbnñ FóXv bmZrÑnIañ. AXpt]mse UmÀhn\v ]cnWmasaó Bibw tXmónbXpw bmZrÑnIamhm³ hgnbnñ. a\pjyss\kÀKnIXbnð A¯cw Bib§Ä¡v Øm\anñ FóXv XsóbmWv C{X hnimeamb Imebfhnð t]mepw a\pjy\v C¯csamcp Nn´ hcmXncn¡m³ ImcWambncn¡pI. tUm¡n³kv ]dbpóXv UmÀhn\pap¼v C¯cw Bib§Ä Bcpw ]dbmXncn¡m³ ImcWw (UmÀhn\pap¼v emamÀ¡nb³ Nn´IÄ DïmbncpópshóXpw B Nn´IfpsS kzm[o\amWv UmÀhnsâ HdnPn³ Hm^v kv]ojnknte¡v \bn¨Xv FópapÅ Imcyw ad¡pónñ. tUm¡n³kv A¡mcyanhnsS kqNn¸n¡mXncn¡póXv sImïpXsó AXnte¡v NÀ¨ \ot«ïXnñ). {Ko¡v X¯zNn´IÄ t¹tämbpsS k¯mhmZ¯nsâ kzm[o\amWv Ncn{X¯nð Hcp UmÀhn³ DbÀóphcmXncn¡m³ ImcWambn ]dbpóXv.